Posted by
VBushmills on Tuesday, October 27, 2009 8:45:02 AM
Richmond, October 27, 2009
People sometimes forget that Marx and Engels first posted "The Communist Manifesto" in 1848, before our Civil War. America was still an intellectual backwater in those days, so while this new academic nihilism was being passed around from coffee house to coffee house in Vienna, Berlin and Paris, America was launching a new type of academia altogether, the land grant university, and our private colleges were still largely founded by churches. Yale was a school for soon-to-be preachers. Still is...at least in one wing. Not a large wellspring for recruitment for European intellectuals...yet.
So while Europe was foaming at the mouth about a style of capitalism we only made a half-hearted attempt to copy here, America was lost in an intellectual argument going in an entirely different direction. It was not so much about slavery, but the underlying reasons slavery was so very wrong...to both a moral and a free peoples.
It culminated, of course, in the Civil War. But before that Civil War was the Republican Party, who first brought Fremont, then Lincoln, whose mere election lit the fuse. And that Republican Party was very much wrapped up in the philosophy and ideology of one man, a fellow named George William Curtis. While Europe first began toying with the idea of what was right for the state to take which it did not own, America was contemplating the idea of giving away that which it morally and politically could not own. Curtis referred to that as the "American Doctrine of Liberty" in an address to Phi Beta Kappa at Harvard in 1863.
Thus it was in 1860 that Benjamin Franklin had been invited back into the congressional chambers and corporate board rooms in America, from whence he had been quietly dismissed at the end of the Monroe term, or what historians call the classical age of America history, when all the presidents were veterans of the Revolution.
It's funny that American history seems to run in the biblical forty-year cycles. The classical age was when American governance was still imbued with the founding ideology of liberty, since the first five presidents had all been there. That's what I mean by Ben Franklin being in the chambers, just as he had been in Philadelphia both in 1776 and again in 1787. Franklin was the ideological conscience of the nation, and liberty, always sitting in the corner, sometime snoozing during tiresome debate about administration, only to pipe up from time to time to remind the rest of the group about some natural rightness or wrongness of an act.
For forty years his spirit sat in Congress and the White House, a constant reminder of those hallowed tenets of liberty, which we today call "conservatism". Then, abruptly he was waked up and ushered out, as a more robust style of governance came to Washington, under Andy "By-God" Jackson. Commerce, expansion into the West, an embarrassing war south into Mexico, all took center stage, while the rights of man, well, they were still there, only no one had moved to take care of that one untidy little "rights of man" problem their great grandparents had first addressed in 1776; slavery. And there was no Ben Franklin snoozing over in the corner to pipe up from time to time about this major "philosophical" impediment to liberty they had omitted.
The Republicans took that "one thing" and laid it square in front of the American people's nose, so they could no longer avoid it...which always happens when you postpone a thing too long...and it was during this terrible struggle that Curtis undertook to capture in a few orations and addresses that which Franklin and the Founders seemed to understand instinctively. Still, Ben was back in town, and better, he was all over the place, for the new public school systems, the churches, the public square, even the universities and board rooms around the country sang the song of liberty as a part of an
ethic that one had to adopt just to be a true-blue red-blooded American. The theme was simple "If you believe in these things, 'be ye ne're so vile', you're one of us. If not, get the hell over on the other side of the track."
I can't say with any precision just when they tossed Ben out again, but it was near that biblical forty year cycle, around 1900, give or take. When that had happened before, and Jackson introduced nepotism, centralized governments and all the other seeds of what is now the Democrat Party, America was rough-hewn and still more backwoods than front lawn. By 1900 we had been invaded by European fashions, politics and woes. It was the early era of "progressivism", which has been much misunderstood of late, since it meant not only a political ideology, but perhaps even more, a social ideology, and an ideology built two different notions of class.
People forget, but liberals were not always little limp-wristed microbes spewing out hatred against the less-intellectual, and less limp-wristed 85% remainder of society. Liberals weren't even anti-American at one time. Indeed, they were said, at one time to "speak softly" but "carry a big stick", and thought nothing at all about killing bears. New Yorkers at that.
What bound Progressives together in 1900 was 1) a sense of class...but of two very different kinds, which by the later 1960s would divide them permanently (except when there was a Republican in the room) and 2) an agreement to keep Ben Franklin out of their chambers, again for two very different reasons.
Noblesse oblige is an idea we probably need to write about some day in a purely American context, for it explains the idealism of Teddy Roosevelt, who felt that it was the duty of true blue-bloods to pass on, not just by example, but through legislation, to help make the masses a cleaner, more hygienic, better read, more civilized people...faster. After all, he had to contend with those "huddled masses" no right standing Republican in 1900 really wanted to have to manage. Supreme court justice, Louis Brandies, also a progressive I like, echoed pretty much the same sentiments. Law and legislation, not this "leading by example" stuff, which was just too slow for a robust 20th Century nation, brimming with muscle and power, was the best way to "rise low-born, rough-hewn people". Besides, Ben Franklin 's cautions would take all the "noblesse" out of the "oblige", and no nobleman gives it without an expectation of positive feedback.
Set against this class view of Progessivism in that era, as I've had so much fun in pointing out
elsewhere, is the different way the Marxist academicians despised the masses for simply being beneath them intellectually, but doing so much better than them economically. There had to be something wrong with the whole template of democracy, for the outcomes to repeat themselves every time a kid dropped out of school and opened up a beanery. Or a burlesque show. This wing of Progressivism was truly ideological, and as I said, by the late 1960s had pretty much expelled the
noblesse oblige crowd, except for the preening bastardized kinds, such as John Kerry, who, when viewed from this context, comes off as a phony intellectual married to wealth (twice over), looking more like Tommy Kirk mid-change in "The Shaggy Dog" than a serious man of deep thought. This is not the "American nobleman" every kid should grow up wanting to emulate, as Teddy envisioned it. Seriously, name one person who wants to be like Kerry!
It would be 1980, almost 80 years, and two world wars, before Ben would be invited back to the White House, but by then he had been expelled (almost) permanently from academe and most of America's boardrooms. It was a brief sojourn.
And there's the rub. Just as the need for an honest press (quality control) is essential for effective governance, as laid out by the Founders, the need for a conscience, some call it "libertarian", others "constitutional", still others "conservative", in every thing we do.
Ben has to be there. And Ben, more than Madison, more than Jefferson, Washington, and De Toqueville, needs to be a part of every aspect of American public life.
Just as with 1776, this civil war has been passed over to the masses. Getting Ben back into the chambers of Congress may be much easier than returning him to Wall Street or Harvard, but
it has to be done, across the board.
The problem is, we, the magnificent rabble who make us this army, may not be the ones best suited to do this. The Soviets had their Lenin, just as we did our Frankilin, only they institutionalized him and gave him a veto. With a pistol. You may not recall that Nikita Kruschchev was the political officer, not commanding general at Stalingrad. Still, he called the shots there...litrally. What we want in the schools and boardrooms (and Congress) is a conscience and a flag bearer, not a commissar.
It's our duty to insist that the conscience of Benjamin Franklin be in our public institutions, and let the marketplace punish those who fail to keep him in their board rooms.
It would help, too, if Michael Steele invited him back into his inner sanctum, as well.
Vassar Bushmills